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Immunosuppressants

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Incyte Announces Promising Results from New Topical Psoriasis Treatment Tests

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

Incyte has released some promising results regarding their new topical psoriasis treatment, INCB18424.  Patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis have reported up to 54% improvement after using this treatment.

INCB18424 is a cellular inhibitor, blocking some of the immune system’s functionality in particular.  Specifically it blocks JAK (Janus Kinase 1&2), which affect cytokine activity within the immune system.

Why is this a good thing?  The general consensus amongst the medical community is that psoriasis makes the immune system going haywire, which produces those notoriously psoriatic symptoms (scaly, itchy, irritated skin).  Thus, blocking some aspects of the body’s immune system will most likely block psoriasis flare ups.

INCB18424 is expected to have longer lasting effects and it should be more easily tolerated by a larger number of patients then the corticosteroids (a kind of steroid) and other topical treatments that are in everyday use right now for treating psoriasis.

INCB18424 has not yet been released for use by the general public.

What is Enbrel (Etanercept) and Is It an Effective Psoriasis Treatment?

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

Enbrel (etanercept) helps to control the effects of Psoriasis by inhibiting the body’s immune system.  Specifically, Enbrel is a TNF-alpha inhibitor. TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor alpha), is a key player in making white blood cells rush to infected/injured areas of the body, thus creating inflammation. Thus, Enbrel helps to suppress much of the bothersome inflammation, which is a symptom of psoriasis.

Enbrel is a biologically engineered drug, or “biologic.” It is also an immunosuppressant.

Enbrel must be injected once or twice weekly, depending on the dosage.  Taking the drug orally is not an option because the digestion system would destroy it.  It usually comes in pre-prepared syringes.

People with plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis report different degrees of improve as a result of taking Enbrel.  According to different online forums, for example, people with plaque psoriasis claim that their skin cleared up dramatically.  People with psoriatic arthritis claim to have gone from totally debilitated by pain to being able to move around, go outside, etc. Other people (the minority, it would seem) claim that their symptoms actually worsened and they’re overall quality of life become so much worse that they had to stop taking it.

Because Enbrel is a TNF-blocker it can open the body up to catching tuberculosis or it can awaken latent tuberculosis.  Side effects also include sepsis (which is actually a side effect of other infections) and a variety of other infections. Since the side effect of using immunosuppressants can vary so widely, it is important to keep in close contact with your dermatologist and immediately let them know about any negative developments.

As you might have guessed, Enbrel is available by prescription only.

Other TNF inhibitors that were released soon after Enbrel (after 1998) include Remicade (infliximab) and Humira (adalimumab), none of which have been as widely used as Enbrel.

What Are Biologics (Biologic Drugs) and Are They an Effective Psoriasis Treatment?

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

Biologics are an up-and-coming class of drugs that are produced and designed via biological means.  That is to say, they are designed or isolated from living, natural sources to interact with the human body in specific ways.  Biologics are conceptualized out of what is known about cellular biology rather than the more common trial-and-error type of the development that has characterized pharmaceutical development for most of history. They seem to be the next big thing in drug treatments since, by my understanding, they attack diseases or any given health condition more directly, at the cellular level.

The psoriasis treatment Enbrel (etanercept) is a well known biologic designed to alter a specific aspect of human the immune system — TNF-receptors.  Etanercept is a genetically-engineered (custom-designed), synthetic protein designed to make the body forget about sending as many white blood cells to affected areas of the body, thus reducing inflammation.

Another biologic, Remicade (infliximab), is a close relative of Enbrel, as it also prevents TNF from creating excessive inflammation.  Both of these drugs inhibit TNF (which stands for tumour necrosis factor), though in different capacities, resulting in different psoriasis treatment results.  Both of Enbrel and Remicade drugs are selective immunosuppressants, which is to say, they inhibit the body’s immune system from wreaking as much havoc on the body as it might otherwise.

The goal here is to create treatments that isolate and bind the “bad” cells, or the ones that bring about undesirable side effects (such as the symptoms that characterize psoriasis).

Psoriasis News: Stelara Is Now FDA Approved

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

A few days ago I wrote an article anticipating the eventually approved of Stelara by the FDA and now… it is done.  As of right now, you can obtain this groundbreaking new psoriasis treatment in the UK, the general European Union, Canada and the United States for the treatment of moderate to sever plaque psoriasis (the most common type of psoriasis) by prescription only.

Stelara (a product of Johnson and Johnson) is groundbreaking for the dramatic improvements it produces in people suffering from plaque psoriasis (70% improvement according to FDA sanctioned tests), convenient dosing (5 shots per year) and it seems to pose very mild, if any, side effects.  It is a selective immunosuppressant… which is to say that it is designed to target and suppress only certain proteins (interleukin-12 and interleukin-23), which are key players in creating the symptoms of plaque psoriasis.  The active ingredient is called ustekinumab.

As you might be able to guess by the word “immunosuppressant,” however, Stelara is the kind of drug that can open you up to infections that otherwise would have been held off by your body”s natural defenses.

Most researchers have believed for a while now that psoriasis throws off the immune system, causing an excess of skin cell production, which results in the itchy, red, scaly, irritated skin symptoms that have made this disease notorious.  This is why drug companies have been focusing on drugs that either alter or suppress the body’s immune system.  Altering the immune system is one of the most direct ways medical professionals know of to attack psoriasis.

Also of note: Stelara is supposed to be very expensive, upwards of $16,000 per year (if you had to pay for the whole thing out of pocket).  My optimistic guess for why it would cost this much (for 5 doses) is that a lot of money was poured into research and development, thus a high cost is needed to recoup.  Of course, drug companies are businesses first and foremost, so this is probably also a factor.  But if Stelara works and people are willing to pay, then I guess it is worth it.

My psoriasis is not nearly severe enough to justify using this drug (right now anyway).  My game plan as of now is to seek out natural, less expensive, lifestyle oriented solutions to root out the disease and keep it rooted out.